Your Guide to U.S. Imports & Customs Procedures
Whether you’re exploring imports for the first time or managing global logistics for an established business, it’s natural to have questions about customs. At CLEARED IN USA, we’re here to help you understand the process with clarity and confidence. Below, we address common questions related to import licenses, documentation, customs bonds, taxes, and compliance—based on current U.S. regulations.
If you need more specific advice, our experienced team is ready to guide you through the process step by step.
1. Do I Need a License to Import Into the U.S.?
In most cases, you don’t need a general import license. However, some types of products—such as food, beverages, pharmaceuticals, plants, animals, or goods protected by trademarks or copyrights—may require prior approval or permits from federal agencies like the FDA, USDA, or EPA.
For general merchandise that’s not regulated by a specific agency, you can often import without a license. Still, it’s your legal responsibility as the importer to ensure the shipment is accurately declared and compliant with U.S. law.
2. Who Is Eligible to Be an Importer of Record?
The importer of record is the person or entity responsible for declaring goods and handling all import-related obligations, including paying duties and submitting documentation. This can be the product owner, purchaser, consignee, or a licensed customs broker acting on their behalf.
The importer must be named clearly in commercial and shipping records and is legally accountable for compliance with U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) rules.
3. What Is a Customs Bond, and When Do I Need One?
A customs bond is a financial agreement ensuring the U.S. government receives duties, taxes, or penalties if the importer fails to comply with import laws.
Customs bonds are required for most shipments valued over $2,500 or those regulated by other agencies. Importers can choose between a single-entry bond (for one-time shipments) or a continuous bond (for ongoing import activity throughout the year).
4. What Documents Are Needed for Customs Clearance?
To clear your goods through customs, you’ll usually need the following:
- A signed Power of Attorney (if using a customs broker)
- Commercial Invoice detailing product descriptions, value, and origin
- Packing List outlining contents and quantities
- Bill of Lading or Air Waybill issued by the carrier
- Certificate of Origin (if claiming trade agreement benefits) Depending on the product type, additional documents—like FDA prior notice or EPA compliance paperwork—may also be necessary.
5. What Is ISF 10+2 and Why Is It Important?
ISF (Importer Security Filing), also known as “10+2,” is a mandatory filing for all ocean-bound cargo entering the U.S.
Importers must electronically submit 10 key data elements (plus 2 from the carrier) at least 24 hours before the cargo is loaded onto the vessel at the foreign port. Late or incorrect filings can lead to costly delays or penalties. This filing allows CBP to assess potential security risks before shipments arrive.
6. What Are Import Duties and Taxes?
Goods entering the U.S. are typically subject to import duties and taxes, based on:
- Country of origin
- Product type and classification
- Declared value (also called transaction value)
Some goods may qualify for reduced or duty-free status under trade agreements. Others may be subject to higher tariffs, depending on U.S. trade laws.
To determine the correct duty rate, importers must classify goods accurately using the Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTSUS). Mistakes in classification can result in overpayments or regulatory penalties.
7. What Is OGA Compliance?
OGA stands for “Other Government Agencies.” In addition to CBP, several federal agencies regulate specific types of imported goods.
Depending on your product, you may need to meet requirements from:
- FDA (food, supplements, cosmetics, medical products)
- USDA (agriculture, meat, poultry, plants)
- EPA (environmentally sensitive goods)
- DOT (vehicles and transport components)
- BIS or PMDTC (military or dual-use items)
Failing to meet OGA requirements can result in shipment holds, fines, or rejection at the port. It’s crucial to confirm whether your goods fall under additional regulatory oversight before shipping.
Need Further Help?
If your question wasn’t answered here, or you’re dealing with a more complex import issue, we’re here to help. Contact CLEARED IN USA today for expert guidance based on your specific needs.
📞 Call: 310-901-9090
📧 Email: contact@clearedinusa.com